Hobart and William Smith Colleges

Earth's environment is maintained through complex feedback mechanisms, which, over geologic time, have created an environment replete with myriad life forms and incredible biological, geological, and cultural diversity. Humans have always affected their environment, but since industrialization, the nature and scope of human impact has increased dramatically.

Our current use of natural resources is increasing due to consumption-based economies and increasing demand by humans for necessities such as food, energy, and fresh water. Human activities have led to widespread air, water, and soil pollution, and set in motion long-term and troubling changes in our climate, new extinctions, unsustainable patterns of resource extraction and waste creation. Poverty and racism further exacerbate resource access disparities and threaten the livelihoods and survival of many humans around the world.

Environmental concerns will be with us for generations as we work toward a more sustainable way of life. The Environmental Studies program structures a liberal arts education around these concerns and prepares students for entry-level positions, as well as graduate study, in fields related to environment and sustainability. The program offers an interdisciplinary major and minor combining study in the natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences. The natural sciences offer an understanding of how the environment works and how human activities affect it. The social sciences consider the social and political implications of environmental policy and the economic tradeoffs involved. The humanities offer an understanding of the concepts and values that shape our perception of, and interaction with, the environment. These approaches are combined explicitly in our introductory integrative course and the senior integrative experience. Program faculty and graduates highly recommend two majors: a major in Environmental Studies that provides a breadth of understanding of a wide array of environmental issues, along with a disciplinary major that brings depth and focus to the study of those issues. All courses counting toward an Environmental Studies major or minor must be passed with a grade of C- or higher.

Environmental Studies Program Majors and Minors
Environmental Studies is an interdisciplinary program. Careful selection of core and elective courses is key to developing a coherent area of concentration within the student's program of study.

REQUIREMENTS for the ENVIRONMENTAL studies MAJOR (B.A.)
interdisciplinary, 13 courses
ENV 110; ENV 400 or ENV 401; two "ES Core" courses from different departments in each division, a "tools" course, and four "ES Elective" courses from the ES Core and/or ES Elective course lists at the 200-level or above. Students are asked to carefully select ES Core and elective courses to define a focus. All courses for the major must be passed with a C- or higher. No more than one CR grade may count towards the major.

REQUIREMENTS for the ENVIRONMENTAL studies MINOR
interdisciplinary, 6 courses
ENV 110 or substitute one additional ES Core course; one ES Core course from each division; and two ES Elective courses from the ES Core and/or ES Elective course lists at the 200 level or above. All courses for the minor must be passed with a C- or higher. No more than one CR grade may count towards the minor.

core courses
Humanities Core
ENV 202 Human Values and the Environment
ENV 325 Environmental Leadership
ENV 345 Decolonial Environmentalisms
AFS 211 Black Earth
AMST 312 Architecture Space and Social Justice
EDUC 348 Our National Parks
ENG 213 Environmental Literature
ENG 410 Radical Futures
HIST 111 Tides of History
HIST 151 Food Systems in History
HIST 215 American Urban History
HIST 246 American Environmental History
HIST 286 Plants and Empire
PHIL 154 Environmental Ethics
REL 226 Religion and Nature
REL 286 Islam and Environment
WMST 309 Stormy Weather Ecofeminism

Natural Sciences Core
ENV 200 Environmental Science
ATMO 245 Climate Change Science
BIOL 167 Intro. Topics in Biology
CHEM 110 General Chemistry
CHEM 120 Intermediate General Chemistry
CHEM 190 Accelerated. General Chemistry
GEO 140 Environmental Geology
GEO 142 Earth Systems Science
GEO 144 Astrobiology also PHYS 115
GEO 182 Intro Meteorology
GEO 184 Intro Geology
GEO 186 Intro Hydrogeology
PHYS 252 Green Energy

Social Sciences Core
ENV 201 Environment & Society
ENV 204 Geography of Garbage
ENV 205 Intro to Environmental Law
ENV 215 Environment & Development in East Asia
ENV 237 Environmental Justice in Indian Country
ENV 309 Environmental Change in the Indigenous World
ENV 330 Sustainability, Commodities & Consumption
ENV 340 Water and Energy in China
ANTH 210 Prehistoric Ecology
ANTH 280 Environment and Culture
ECON 212 Environmental Economics
EDUC 360 Teaching for Sustainable Environment
POL 201 Politics of Climate Change
WMST 212 Gender and Geography

Tools Courses
ENV 203 Fundamentals of GIS
ENV 207 Environmental Statistics (also GEO 207)
ENV 210 Qualitative Methods & the Community
AMST 201 Methods in American Studies
AMST 202 Drawing for Study and Storytelling
ANTH 273 Research Methods
BIOL 212 Biostatistics
CPSC 225 Intermediate Programming
ECON 202 Statistics
EDUC 351 Teaching and Learning with Citizen Science
MATH 232 Multivariable Calculus
MATH 237 Differential Equations
PHYS 285 Math Methods
POL 361 Intro to Quantitative Research Methods
POL 371 Qualitative and Interpretive Research Methods
PSY 210 Statistics and Research Methods
SOC 211 Research Methods
SOC 212 Data Analysis
WMST 305 Food, Feminism & Health
WRRH 210 Print Journalism
WRRH 225 Professional Writing
WRRH 310 Reporting Online
WRRH 325 The Science Beat
WRRH 326 Legal Writing

Environmental Studies Courses
ENV 110 Topics: Energy, Water, Biodiversity, Global Climate Change, Sustainability
ENV 200 Environmental Science
ENV 201 Environment & Society
ENV 202 Human Values and the Environment
ENV 203 Fundamentals of GIS
ENV 204 Geography of Garbage
ENV 205 Intro to Environmental Law
ENV 207 Environmental Statistics (also GEO 207)
ENV 210 Qualitative Methods & the Community
ENV 215 Environment & Development in East Asia
ENV 216 Birds in Our Landscape (only offered in Maymester)
ENV 237 Environmental Justice in Indian Country
ENV 309 Environmental Change in the Indigenous World
ENV 310 Advanced GIS
ENV 320 Natural Resource Law
ENV 325 Environmental Leadership
ENV 330 Sustainability, Commodities & Consumption
ENV 340 Water and Energy in China
ENV 345 Decolonial Environmentalisms
ENV 400 Senior Integrative Experience (Group)
ENV 401 Senior Integrative Experience (Individual)
ENV 402 Sustainable Community Dev. Capstone

Cross-Listed Elective Courses
AMST 222 American Empire
AMST 332 Racism
ANTH 206 Early Cities
ANTH 228 Physical Anthropology
ANTH 247 Urban Anthropology
ANTH 285 Primate Behavior
ANTH 297 Peoples and Cultures of Latin America
ANTH 290 Pharaohs, Fellahin & Fantasy
ANTH 354/454 Food, Meaning, Voice
ANTH 326 Patterns & Processes in Ancient Mesoamerica Urbanism
ARCH 310 Early Modern History
ARCH 311 History of Modern Architecture
ARCH 312 Theories of Modern Architecture and Urbanism
ARCH 313 History of Modern Landscape Architecture
ARCS 200 Introduction to Architectural Design I
ARCS 300 Introduction to Architectural Design II
ARTS 265 Imaging
ARTS 301 Photography Workshop
ARTH 336/436 Landscape and the Garden in China and Japan
BIDS 219 Math Models and Biological Systems
BIOL 212 Biostatistics
BIOL 215 Population Genetics
BIOL 225 Ecology
BIOL 227 Behavioral Ecology
BIOL 228 Biology of Plants
BIOL 336 Evolution
BIOL 238 Aquatic Biology
BIOL 316 Conservation Biology
CHEM 120 Intermediate General Chemistry
CHEM 210 Quantitative Chemical Analysis
CHEM 240 Introduction to Organic Chemistry
CHEM 241 Intermediate Organic Chemistry
CHEM 260 Environmental Chemistry
CHEM 318 Inorganic Chemistry A
CHEM 348 Biochemistry I
ECON 202 Statistics
ECON 213 Urban Economics
ECON 221 Population and Society
ECON 232 U.S. Economy: A Critical Analysis
ECON 301 Microeconomic Theory and Policy
ECON 316 Labor Market Analysis
ECON 348 Natural Resources and Energy Economics
ECON 461 Seminar: Environmental Economics
EDUC 348 Our National Parks
EDUC 349 Scientific Inquiry in Schools
ENG 241 English Romantic Poets
ENG 250 Early American Literature
ENG 257 Dickens and His World
ENG 350 Poe, Dickinson, Frost
GEO 210 Environmental Hydrology
GEO 220 Geomorphology
GEO 240 Mineralogy
GEO 255 Global Climates
GEO 260/ATMO 260 Weather Analysis and Forecasting
GEO 270 Paleoclimatology
GEO 280 Aqueous Geochemistry
GEO 299 Geoscience Field Studies
GEO 320 Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks
GEO 330 Limnology
GEO 365 Environmental Meteorology
GEO 375 Earth History
GEO 380 Paleontology
HIST 204 History of American Society
HIST 208 Women in American History
HIST 234 Medieval History
HIST 253 Renaissance and Reformation
HIST 256 Technology and Society in Europe
HIST 264 Modern European City
HIST 310 Rise of Industrial America
HIST 311 20th Century America: 1917 1941
HIST 313 Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution
HIST 341 Beyond Sprawl
HIST 397 Environmental History Seminar
LGBT 206/306 Sexuality and Space//Geographies of (Un)Belonging
MATH 214 Applied Linear Algebra
MATH 232 Multivariable Calculus
MATH 237 Differential Equations
MATH 350 Probability
MATH 353 Mathematical Models
PHIL 232 Liberty and Community
PHIL 235 Morality and Self Interest
PHIL 236 Philosophy of Law
PHIL 238 Philosophy of Natural Science
PHYS 270 Modern Physics
PHYS 285 Mathematical Methods
POL 212 Media & Politics
POL 215 Minority Group Politics
POL 326 Urban Politics
SOC 221 Race and Ethnic Relations
SOC 222 Social Change
SOC 223 Inequalities
SOC 251 Sociology of the City
SOC 258 Social Problems
SOC 290 Sociology of Community
SOC 300 Classical Sociological Theory
SOC 375 Social Policy
WMST 372 Peace: All We are..

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
ENV 099 Environmental Institute ENV 099 is represented by the curriculum in the Environmental Studies Summer Youth Institute (ESSYI) program. ESSYI is a two-week, college-level interdisciplinary program for talented high-school students entering their junior and senior years. The program introduces students to environmental issues and interdisciplinary techniques for addressing environmental problems. Students make new intellectual and emotional connections as they explore current environmental crises through scientific, social, economic, philosophical, ethical, and political perspectives. At the Institute, students develop a broad understanding of the interrelated forces that affect the environment and our relationship to the world. The environmental issues that confront us as we enter the 21st Century are complicated and the institute helps students to understand that successful solutions will not come from a single field. The central goal is to empower students with the confidence and tools to change the world through collaborative efforts in their future careers. Students will leave the institute with a better understanding of themselves, the environment, academic opportunities in college, and their career goals and aspirations.

ENV 110 Topics in Environmental Studies Our introductory requirement emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of selected pressing environmental issues. Each semester a variety of sections of this introductory requirement is available, each with its own environmental topic. The current topics include: Biodiversity, Energy, Sense of Place, Water, and Global Climate Change. Their individual descriptions are found below. ENV 110 is not open to juniors and seniors. Juniors and seniors who have not taken this course are required to replace this required course with any other ES Core course. (Staff, offered each semester)

• Biodiversity Biologists estimate that Earth is populated by between 10 million and 100 million species. Each is unique and these differences constitute biodiversity. In this course students explore the origins and history of all that diversity, including Earth's history of extinctions, as a context in which to consider today's world. How bad is today's biodiversity "crisis"? How does it compare with past events? What are its causes? Are there solutions? How do we as individuals fit into the picture, making ethical, social and scientific decisions about biodiversity? Students explore these questions through reading, discussion, writing and original research.
• Energy Life cannot exist without energy. Life on earth harnesses energy from the sun and other plants and animals. Society harnesses energy from fossil and modern organic matter, from atoms, the sun, wind, and tides, and from the earth's interior. Each energy source harnessed by society has a set of environmental, technologic, geologic, economic, social, and moral advantages and disadvantages. Which source of energy is better? What does "better" mean? Which source of energy is, over the long term, sufficient, environmentally safe, and adaptable to many applications? In this course, students examine various aspects of the energy question to arrive at answers to these and other questions.
• Sense of Place This course emphasizes the importance of understanding and embracing sense of place from diverse perspectives across a range of environmental issues. We will begin by exploring what it means to have a "sense of place" and then examine the vast ecological consequences that are tied to a person's or community's sense of place. Readings from the course textbook will offer examples of the central debates on particular issues so that we build a foundation of knowledge for environmental studies. Supplemental readings and films will enhance our understanding of these issues by adding social justice perspectives and challenging us to consider the importance of place"and, more importantly, responsibility to place and our communities"in the face of ecological devastation. Our approach will be interdisciplinary, involving scientific, social, political, economic, and humanistic study that accurately reflect the complexity and interconnectedness of environmental issues.
• Water This course examines water as a critical, renewable resource using several different perspectives. Initially, students seek a scientific understanding of how water moves and the aquatic ecosystems it supports. Then students look at water use and development in the arid western U.S. as a case history of water scarcity and the policies that help address such problems. Finally, students apply both the scientific and historical perspectives to current water issues, both regional and global.
• Global Climate Change This class addresses numerous questions and perspectives regarding global change. What is global change? What causes it? What are the consequences? Is there natural variability in global climate and, if so, how much? What influence do/can/have humans have (had) on global climate? How do we know the difference between short- and long-term climate trends? Does the Earth have the ability to moderate climate regardless of the cause? What are our responsibilities, as an individual, a nation, to the Earth? How do population growth, industrialization, economic status, social, ethical, and political beliefs affect an individual's/country's perspective or role in experiencing/dealing with the consequences of global climate change?

ENV 200 Environmental Science This course focuses on the science behind, and plausible scientific solutions, to pressing environmental issues like population growth, ecosystems, exotic species, resource use, e.g., soil, mineral, water and energy resources, and the impact of their use on the planet, i.e., global warming, acid rain, pollution, toxicity, and waste disposal. (Brubaker, Halfman, offered each semester)

ENV 201 Environment & Society This course introduces students to the study of relationships between people and the environment from a critical social science perspective, and provides a context for thinking about the social causes and consequences of environmental changes in different regions of the world. It focuses on how and why the human use of the environment has varied over time and, more importantly, space; analyzes different approaches to decision-making about environmental issues; and examines the relative roles of population growth, energy consumption, technology, culture and institutions in causing and resolving contemporary environmental problems. This course is intended to move beyond the description of environmental issues to examine how social scientists explain how environmental and social factors produce environmental outcomes. (Lewis, Mauer, offered annually)

ENV 202 Human Values & the Environment This course emphasizes the role of the humanities in imagining a just and sustainable planet. Through the study of literature, art, and critical/cultural theory, students will uncover the workings and origins of human values that shape how we relate to the environment. We will read well-known authors of U.S. environmental literature, including Aldo Leopold, Henry David Thoreau, Rachel Carson, and Edward Abbey. In addition to the classics, students will be introduced to lesser-known works by environmental thinkers writing from the margins of society. Topics will include environmental ethics, nature and culture, industrialization and globalization, ecotheology, environmental justice, ecofeminism, and queer ecology. (Staff, offered annually)

ENV 203 Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has been used in a multitude of environmental applications because it aids in the collection, storage, analysis, and visualization of spatial information and it helps users to make informed decisions regarding the use, management, and protection of the environment. This course will cover the theory of GIS with hands-on-experience in a multitude of environmental applications including: geographical data entry and acquisition, database query and site selection, vector and raster modeling, and integration with global positioning system (GPS). (Brubaker, Halfman offered annually)

ENV 204 Geography of Garbage You probably know where your t-shirt or computer was made, but do you know where they go when you throw them "away"? Each night, trucks bring tons of New York City waste to processing and storage facilities near Geneva. Meanwhile, boatloads of computers "recycled" in North America sail for Asia and Africa to be dismantled in dangerous conditions so that small amounts of valuable metals may be recovered. This course will introduce students to the global geography of garbage (garbography?) with a particular focus on environmental, human health, and human rights implications. (Magee, offered annually)

ENV 205 Introduction to Environmental Law Since the 1970s, environmental law in the United States has become increasingly integrated into natural resource management, municipal land use decisions and corporate development strategies. This course will provide students with an overview of major federal environmental laws including the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, CERCLA (Superfund Act) and the National Environmental Policy Act. In addition, we will cover some basics of property law and the Administrative Procedure Act, which provide the foundation for environmental law theory and enforcement. The course would be a good course for students considering a legal career, a career in environmental studies, municipal planning or land use, or just a general interest in law. (Kinne, offered annually)

ENV 210 Qualitative Research & the Community Qualitative data is an increasingly important part of research in the fields of business and public service as well as in the nonprofit sector and academia. Yet familiarity with the data collection and analysis methods of qualitative research remains low for many students in fields like environmental studies. This course will introduce students to the various tools of qualitative researchers through readings, discussions, and methodological critiques. In this course, we will learn to approach research as a process of knowledge construction and focus on developing the skills necessary to contribute new ( or more nuanced ) knowledge concerning the intricacies of human- environment interactions in our everyday lives. Over the course of our semester together, we will engage in a semester- long collaborative research project that will allow us to gain greater proficiency with qualitative research skills, including how to collect data through interviews and participant-observation and how to analyze interview transcripts and interpret field notes. (Lewis, fall, offered annually)

ENV 215 Environment & Development in Eastern Asia Course also listed as ASN 215. Rapid development in East Asia has brought prosperity to many but has also created serious environmental problems. Rivers and lakes suffer from pollution and algal blooms; water tables have dropped dramatically; farmland has been polluted by industrial chemicals and over- fertilization; and cities choke on pollution from industry and automobiles. This course explores the environmental challenges facing East Asia as well as how governments and other groups are addressing them through various approaches to "sustainable development." Special emphasis is placed on China, given its regional and global importance, and the Four Little Dragons (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea). (Lewis, Magee, offered annually)

ENV 216 Birds in Our Landscape Birds are an apparent and familiar part of our environments, whether hiking in a national forest or spending time in our own backyards. From pristine natural areas to the most urban settings, birds are ubiquitous and serve as sentinels for the health of the environment. Examining population trends and geographical distributions of birds can help us understand the impacts of urbanization, pollution and pesticides, climate change, and more. In this course, you will learn how distributions of birds inform scientists about environmental change and the impacts of change on the function of ecosystems. You will learn, firsthand through field excursions and exercises, to identify local bird species and how to conduct some basic field techniques for direct monitoring of birds. You will learn how scientists collect distribution data on birds using remote sensing and how citizen science has greatly advanced our ability to understand the distributions and movements of birds. You will also learn how scientists communicate their findings by reviewing scientific publications, which we will use as case studies of how birds in our landscape impact us and tell us about our environments (offered every other year during Maymester, Deutschlander)

ENV 232 Navigating Conflict: Theories and Methods Effective navigation of conflict promotes personal achievement, creates resilient teams and communities, enables the sustainable use of natural resources, and reduces violence. Navigating Conflict will begin with an analysis of the structures, assumptions, and values that inform our understanding of conflict and the role conflict plays in our lives, both in "mainstream" U.S. culture as well as in other contexts such as Chinese and Native American culture. The course will then delve deeper into theories and techniques of mediation and facilitation and their utilization across cultures and across the conflict spectrum: from interpersonal conflict to intra- and inter-group conflict to complex natural resource conflicts. Students will practice self-monitoring, attending to and responding to the needs of people in conflict. Techniques will include reflective listening/feedback loops, the use of questions and summaries and how data and information support parties as they navigate conflict. Throughout the course, students will be encouraged to interrogate the role of the mediator/facilitator with regards to impartiality, party empowerment, social justice and equity. (Kinne, offered occasionally)

ENV 237 Environmental Justice in Indian Country American Indians have since 'time immemorial' had an immediate relationship to the natural world and their physical surroundings. Many native peoples are rooted to place. This course explores American Indian relationships to nature and eco- political responses to contemporary environmental issues. Beginning with the history of American Indian political relationships with the U. S. federal government, we will consider the various and complex ways in which this history has affected and continues to affect American Indian ecology, agricultural land use, natural resource conservation, urban pollution, and modem environmental movements. Topics may include: resource use; land claims; sacred and ecologically unique places; hunting and fishing rights; food and agriculture; and traditional ecological knowledge. Students in this course will be introduced to the writings and ideas of Indigenous scholars and activists such as Vine Deloria, Jr. (Mauer)

ENV 245 Radical Environmentalism This course investigates the emergence, societal impacts, and significance of radical environmentalism, with special attention to the historical and moral dimensions, as well as the ecological and political perceptions that provide a firm basis for its controversial efforts to halt environmental degradation. Through readings, films, and discussion, students will learn about various and diverse forms of radical environmentalists. Students will examine topics such as tree-sits in the Pacific Northwest; monkey-wrenching; animal liberation; eco-terrorism; groups such as Earth First!, ELF,PETA, and ALF; deep ecology; eco-warriors; and attempts by the government to subvert and infiltrate environmental organizers and groups. (Offered occasionally)

ENV 252 Green Energy The climate change crisis has spurred the need for and interest in sustainable energy technologies. In this course we will study the major green energy technologies: efficiency, wind, solar (photovoltaic and thermal), geothermal, current/wave energy, smart grids and decentralized production. The class will study each technology from the basic principles through current research. In parallel, students will work together on a green energy project. Project ideas include: developing a green energy production project on campus, or a campus/Geneva self-sufficiency study. (Offered occasionally)

ENV 281 Remote Sensing This interdisciplinary course provides an introduction to remote sensing technologies and their applications. The goal of the course is to broaden a student's understanding of remote sensing and use Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to perform and understand image analysis methodologies. Introductions to the electromagnetic spectrum, energy sources, radiation principles, aerial cameras, and electronic imaging provide the student with a fundamental scientific understanding of remote sensing. This understanding is coupled with an exposure to the techniques of extracting relevant information from digital imagery using GIS software. In summary, this course presents an overview of the various aerial and space-based remote sensing platforms and their characteristics, with a view toward future systems and capabilities. Prerequisites include PHYS 150, or PHYS 240, or CPSC 124, or any GEO 18x course, or any ENV -lxx course, or permission of the instructor. (Spring semester, Dumitriu/Halfman).

ENV 309 Environmental Change in the Indigenous World Indigenous identity, culture, community, and politics are inextricably bound to place. Place-based cultures and identities, however, may be threatened in a world increasingly connected through the spatial expansion and deeper integration of capitalist markets, the coordination and exchange of technological developments, the movement of people, ideas, language, and symbols across borders, and the extension and homogenization of modes of governance and regulation. The imagining and re-imagining of Indigenous sovereignty is thereby tied to issues of territoriality, land and resource rights, dispossession/displacement, and environmental change. In this seminar, we will critically examine the effects of global processes on Indigenous environments and on Indigenous efforts to resist and revitalize. Specifically, we will investigate key discourses of Indigenous identity formation and negotiation, neo- colonialism, sovereignty, models of nation-rebuilding, sustainability, food security, and livelihoods. (Mauer)

ENV 310 Advanced Geographic Information Systems Geographic Information Systems (GIS) modeling capabilities have been used to inform and support decision making in the management of watersheds and parks, in the design of emergency evacuation plans, among others. Advanced GIS will cover a wide range of modeling applications using rasters, including watershed drainage analysis, ecological corridors and least cost path analysis. Students will also be introduced to analytical tools such as spatial data interpolation techniques, point pattern and density analysis, and error assessment. Hands-on experience will be provided through weekly labs and final project. (Brubaker, offered annually)

ENV 320 Natural Resource Law Natural Resource Law is a broad category of law that includes the law of public lands (state and federal), private lands, parks, monuments and road less areas, tribal lands, and laws governing water, forests, minerals, rangelands, wildlife, and other environmental resources. After completing this course, students will have a well-developed sense for the complexity of the laws that govern our natural resources, and an understanding of the respective roles or state and federal governments, agencies and courts in managing natural resources. They will be able to make a well- researched and well-articulated legal argument in support of or against an existing or proposed law that governs (or may govern) one or more natural resources in the United States. In the process, students will learn how to do legal research, how to form a legal argument, and how to write and speak persuasively. (Kinne, offered alternate years)

ENV 325 Environmental Leadership As citizens of the developed world we are relatively disconnected from the natural environment. Therefore, the environmental impacts of our daily actions are often unseen, and we find ourselves on a collision course with environmental degradation and global climate change. It is within this context that addressing environmental issues requires leadership. This course will explore the lives and perspectives of leaders at all levels, from those involved in community-based initiatives, to those working in national and international contexts. We will analyze and apply a variety of leadership models that can be used to engage across difference, identify critical needs, build coalitions, manage uncertainty, and collaborate with stakeholders. The emergence and nature of environmental leadership will be examined in settings ranging from rural America, to the European Union, to urban China, to indigenous populations in developing countries. Ultimately, students will come to understand the opportunities they have in terms of leadership, both now and in the future. (Makinster, offered occasionally)

ENV 330 Sustainability, Commodities, and Consumption In light of increasing calls for sustainable development, complex geographies of production and consumption continue to emerge from global economic relationships. In tracing a range of everyday commodities from their points of origin to the consumers who purchase these products, this course introduces students to the relationship between consumption trends, market forces, and natural resource extraction. In additional to different theoretical perspectives on "ethical" and "green" consumerism, special attention will also be paid to major eco- labeling programs like "Fair Trade" and "organic." (Lewis, offered alternate years)

ENV 345 Decolonial Environmentalisms Is social justice necessary for environmental sustainability, or does it distract from solving environmental problems? The 'decolonial' of this course title serves as an umbrella term for the pursuit of justice shared by all groups marginalized by white heteropatriarchy - because of gender, sexuality, race, ethnicity, nationality, ability, class, and non-humanity. The intersectionality of 'decolonial' is underscored by the plurality of the course title's second term, 'environmentalisms.' Over the course of the semester we will explore cuffing-edge critical theory scholarship in the ever-burgeoning field of environmental humanities, and how this intersectional, decolonial scholarship contributes to a broad societal and scholarly conversation about the fate of the planet. Putting disparate lenses in conversation, Decolonial Environmentalisms demonstrates that a holistic conception of justice is crucial for producing ecological sustainability. Several out-of-class events related to these course themes are being offered on campus over the course of the semester; students will be required to attend one of their choosing. (Murphy, Offered occasionally) Prerequisite: ENV 202, or by permission of the instructor.

ENV 360 Environmental Afrofuturism Afrofuturism provides a framework for understanding the legacies of colonialism, and thereby for critiquing current systems and gesturing toward alternative futures. Recognizing that the same structure of violence produces both racial inequality and environmental injustice, 'Environmental Afrofuturism' looks at speculative environmental art about Africa and the black diaspora to critique the connected effects of colonialism and environmental extractivism, and to imagine a freer expression of black subjectivity and greater justice for the earth. Such art includes literary science fiction, film and other visual art forms as well as popular music. In addition to the flourishing universe of Afrofuturist art, students in this course will investigate Afrofuturist-engaged environmental humanities scholarship. Although race is the primary lens through which we will consider socio-technological history, both its past and future, we will also account for the impact of gender, sexuality, class, and ability as they relate to communities of color. Students will be evaluated on their critical reading and response during in-class discussion, a creative project, a research project, and in-class presentation(s). (Murphy, Offered alternate years) Prerequisite: ENV 202, or AFS 211, or by permission of the instructor.

ENV 400 Group Senior Integrative Experience The group senior integrative experience (Group SIE) involves a multidisciplinary project or seminar. It enables a group of ES seniors to investigate an interdisciplinary topic of environmental interest with a focus on the local HWS and Geneva community. The topic is selected at the beginning of the semester and students work both independently and in groups toward the completion of an overall class goal. Completion of the group senior integrative experience requires preparation of a substantial individual paper demonstrating the student's project focus as well as the integration of their work with the others within the class, and a public (group or individual) presentation at a brown bag seminar. (Staff, offered each semester)

ENV 401 Individual Senior Integrative Experience The senior integrative experience (SIE) involves a multidisciplinary project or seminar, independent study, or an off-campus internship. Ideally an internship should have both an academic and an experiential component. Students must register for ENV 300 during their senior year even if they are fulfilling this requirement by completing an independent study. A student should discuss the SIE project with his or her adviser, as well as with the faculty member supervising the work if other than the student's adviser. Completion of the senior integrative experience requires preparation of a substantial paper demonstrating integration of all three perspectives of study, and a public presentation at a brown bag seminar. (Staff, offered each semester)

ENV 402 Sustainable Community Development Capstone This course applies the practices and processes of sustainable community development planning through a service-learning project with local organizations. The course will begin by surveying the myriad approaches to sustainable development methods and application undertaken by a variety of disciplines. Students will evaluate the successes and failures of not only the methods but the outcomes of these efforts in achieving social equity, environmental and economic sustainability. Through a service-learning project, students will navigate through the process of developing a sustainable community development plan by applying the skills and knowledge developed throughout the course. (Lewis, offered alternate years)

ENV 450 Independent Study

ENV 456 1/2 Credit Independent Study

ENV 499 Environmental Studies Internship (Staff, offered each semester)